Wednesday 25 June 2008

Tiếng Anh giao tiếp hàng ngày

Tiếng Anh giao tiếp hàng ngày

Episode 1. Pleased to meet you
Episode 2. Enjoy Your Stay
Episode 3. What time is it?
Episode 4. Second on the Left
Episode 5. Are you married?
Episode 6. He didn't write
Episode 7. Come to Lunch
Episode 8. This is my brother
Episode 9. The most beautiful city
Episode 10. What's the matter?
Episode 11. Let me Help
Episode 12. The day after tomorrow
Episode 13. What are you doing tomorrow?
Episode 14. Are there some kangaroos?
Episode 15. A big grey one
Episode 16. What Would you Like?
Episode 17. I usually catch a bus
Episode 18. There's a message for you
Episode 19. I haven’t found him
Episode 20. You walk sadly
Episode 21. Single trip or Daytrip?
Episode 22. Look after yourself
Episode 23. If I were you
Episode 24. The Most Expensive Wine
Episode 25. How many prawns?
Episode 26. I thought I saw him
Episode 27. It's made of gold
Episode 28. You should relax
Episode 29. Do you have a wok?
Episode 30. First, fry the prawns
Episode 31. That was Delicious
Episode 32. He says he knows my brother
Episode 33. Who Wants to Know?
Episode 34. You were going too fast
Episode 35. This is the house
Episode 36. This is your nephew
Episode 37. I had to find a job
Episode 38. You Should Ring Your Parents
Episode 39. How could you?
Episode 40. He said he loved me
Episode 41. If I like you
Episode 42. See You Again

Source: http://languagesstudy.googlepages.com/livingenglish
Tiếng Anh giao tiếp hàng ngày Living English WELCOME TO LIVING ENGLISH

Wednesday 28 May 2008

Order food in fast food restaurant

Example 1

You : Excuse me. I'd like the combo set number 2 please.
Seller : What kind of drink would you like?
You : Coke.
Seller : Would you like a learge coke for 50 cents more?
You : No thanks.
Seller : For here or to go?
Friend : For here.
Seller : Alright. That's gonna be 7.50 dollars.
Friend : Here you go.
Seller : Thank you.

Example 2

You : Hi. I want two chicken burger and one caesar salad?
Seller : What would you like to drink?
You : Can I have just a cup of water?
Seller : Sure. Anythingelse?
You : Nope.
Seller : 18.85 please.
You : Here.
Seller : Thank you. Salad will be served at the table in two minutes.

Example 3

You : Hi. I want three chicken burger.
Seller : Sorry, we run out of it today. Would you like to try other menu?
You : Oh no thanks then.


Learning Part

Nope = No (informal)

kinglishschool.com

Phone conversation

When you are a caller

-- Hello?
-- Is that John?
-- Can I speak to John?
-- May I speak to John?

When you are a receiver

-- This is John speaking, who's that?
-- Who's speaking please?
-- Who's calling please?

When you ask the caller to wait

-- One moment please.
-- Just a minute please.
-- Hold on please.
-- Hang on please

When you ask the caller to leave messages

-- Can you leave the message?
-- Can I take your message?
-- Would you like to leave a message?
-- Would you like him/her to call you back?

When calling the wrong number

-- I'm afraid you got the wrong number
-- Sorry, I think you reach the wrong number

When asking the receiver to transfer the line

-- Can I have extension 1234 please?
-- Could you please transfer the line to Mr. John please?

When finish talking

-- Nice talking to you
-- Talk to you later

kinglishschool.com

Reserve a table

Example 1

Waiter : Excuse me how many people?
You : Five, can we get a non-smoking section?
Waiter : Sure but there are few people ahead of you right now.
You : How long do we have to wait?
Waiter : Arond five to ten minutes

Example 2

Waiter : How many do you have?
You : Just two. Can we have a table outside?
Waiter : You may have to wait for a while.
You : For how long?
Waiter : Twenty minutes
You : Well, I think we'll try another place then. Thank you!

kinglishschool.com

Ask people to take pictures for you

Example 1

You : Excuse me. Do you mind taking us pictures?
Stranger : Sure?
You : Thank you. You can just press the button here.

Example 2

You : Excuse me. Can you take pictures for us please?
Stranger : Certainly. Is everything set?
You : Please move to the left a bit. Thank you.

Example 3

You : Excuse me. Can you do me a favor?
Stranger : Sure.
You : We'd like to ask you to take a picture for us.
Stranger : ok.... All right, ready, one... two....
You : Thanks a lot

Example 4

You : Excuse me. Do you have time to take a picture for us?
Stranger : Oh. I am sorry. I really have to go.
You : It's ok.


kinglishschool.com

Order pizza

Example 1

Waitress : Good morning. This is ABC pizza. How may I help you?
You : Hi. I'd like to order a pizza.
Waitress : What size please?
You : Large please.
Waitress : What flavour would you like?
You : I want Hawaiian.
Waitress : Anything else?
You : No.
Waitress : Can I have your address please?

Example 2

Waitress : Good morning. This is ABC pizza. How may I help you?
You : I want to order a pizza.
Waitress : What topping would you like to order today?
You : Can you give me some advice?
Waitress : Sure. We have Super Supreme, Hawaiian and Seafood.
You : Good. I want to try Large size Seafood one please.
Waitress : Anything else?
You : One garlic bread and beef spaghetti
Waitress : Ok. Can I have your phone number and address please?

Ask for a ride

Example 1

Hitchhiker : I was wondering if you could give me a ride to the gas station?
You : Sure. Come on in!

Example 2

Friend : Where are you heading?
You : I'm heading north to the highway 309
Friend : Can you give me a ride?
You : No problem.
Friend : Thanks a lot

Example 3

Friend : Where are you going?
You : I'm going to ABC department store.
Friend : Oh. Great! I was about to go there. Can I tag along?
You : Well, I wish I could have you along but there is no room left in my car. Sorry.
Friend : It's ok. I can take the bus.

Learning Part

Hitchhiker = Stranger who ask people for a free ride (PS. Hitchhiker is considered illigal in many countries)

kinglishschool.com

Borrow money

Example 1

Friend : Do you have some extra money?
You : How much do you want?
Friend : Ten dollars
You : Here you are.
Friend : Thank you. I will pay you back soon.

Example 2

Friend : Can I borrow some money? I'm so broke.
You : How much do you need?
Friend : 50 bucks
You : Here you go.
Friend : Thanks a lot

Example 3

Friend : Could you lend me some money?
You : I'm afraid I can't.
Friend : That's alright.

Learning Part

Buck = Informal word for dollar

Lend = Let someone borrow something

kinglishschool.com

Ask for the seat

Example 1

You : Excuse me. Is the seat taken?
A : I don't think so?
You : Can I site here?
A : It's ok for me.

Example 2

You : Excuse me. Does anyone sit here?
A : No go ahead.

Example 3

You : Excuse me. Is there anyone sitting here?
A : Oh. Yes. My friend is sitting here.
You : It's ok.

Looking for things you want to buy

Example 1

You : Excuse me. I'm looking for a book called "ABC"?
A : Ok sir. The book corner is right over there.
You : Thank you.
A : You are welcome.

Example 2

You : Excuse me. Do you know where is the book department?
A : Sure. Please follow me.
You : Thank you.

Example 3

You : Excuse me. How can I find the book called "ABC"?
A : Oh. I'm afraid it was sold out.
You : It's ok. Thank you.



Learning Part

Sold out = Run out of

kinglishschool.com

Reconcile

Example 1

You : Are you still mad at me?
Friend : Of course.
You : Look. I'm very sorry ok? I promise I won't do it again.
Friend : Ok. I will forgive you but only this time alright?

Example 2

You : Are you still upset about what I did?
Friend : You should know it.
You : I am very sorry. Can we make it up?
Friend : Ok. I will let you off the hook this time.

Example 3

You : Are you still holding grudge against me?
Friend : Never mind. I understand.
You : Thanks for your understanding.



Learning Part

Reconcile = To recover close relationship

Forgive =To excuse for a fault or offense

Upset = Unhappy mind/ feeling

Looking for someone

Example 1

You : Where's John?
Friend : Isn't he in the office?
You : I didn't see him there. If you see him please tell him to drop me a line. Thank you.

Example 2

You : Have you seen John today?
Friend : No. I havn't.
You : If you see him could you tell him to call Peter?
Friend : Sure.

Example 3

You : Is John around?
Friend : He might be in the pantry.
You : Can you tell him that the boss wants to see him as soon as poosible?



Learning Part

Pantry = A small room used to prepare food

Comfort someone

Example 1

You : What's wrong?
Friend : I just broke up with my girlfriend
You : Come on. It's not the end of the world. You have to move on.

Example 2

You : Have you seen John today?
Friend : No. I havn't.
You : If you see him could you tell him to call Peter?
Friend : Sure.

Example 3

You : Is John around?
Friend : He might be in the pantry.
You : Can you tell him that the boss wants to see him as soon as poosible?



Learning Part

Pantry = A small room to prepare food


kinglishschool.com


Try on a garment

Example 1

You : Can I try this shirt on?
Seller : Sure sir. The fitting room is over there around the corner
You : Thank you..........

You : Well, I don't think it fits me. I wil try the tailor-made one instead. Sorry.
Seller : Alright. It's up to you. Thank you.

Learning Part

Try on = Try to wear the garment before buying it

Fitting room = The room to try on your garment

Tailor-made = A garment that made by a tailor

kinglishschool.com

Well wish

Example 1

You : I heard you are going to have an exam tomorrow. Good luck.
Friends : Thank you.

Example 2

You : Are you ready for a test tomorrow?
Friend : No. I'm afraid not.
You : Come on. I am sure you will do well.
Friend : Thank you. I hope so.

Example 3

You : Don't study too hard. It's not good for your health
Friend : I have a test tomorrow.
You : Really? Wish you luck my friend.
Friend : Thanks.

Return merchandise

Example 1

You : I'd like to return this CD player.
Seller : Is there something wrong with it?
You : It's not compatible with my stereo system.
Seller : Can I have a receipt?
You : Here you go.

Example 2

You : Can I return this CD player?
Seller : Sorry. We don't have the policy to accept any returning merchandise.

Example 3

You : Can I exchange this CD player for something else?
Seller : What's wrong with it?
You : I don't know. It doesn't work well to me.
Seller : You' ve got the receipt with you?
You : Yes. Here

Learning Part

Compatible = Be able to use/ harmonize with the current ones

Merchandise = Product bought and sold in business

kinglishschool.com

Warning

Example 1

You : Watch out for the car!
Friend : Thanks. That was close.
You : It's ok.

Example 2

You : Look out!
Friend : Thanks so much. It could hurt me.

kinglishschool.com

Taking a taxi

Example 1

Taxi : Where do you want to go?
You : Can you take me to the Bank of America around the corner?
Taxi : Which side do you want to get off?
You : This side.

Example 2

You : ABC mall please
Taxi : Sorry. I need to return the car in ten minute

Example 3

You : Can you take me to ABC mall?
Friend : Yes. come on in.


kinglishschool.com


Invite people to the party

Example 1

You : Would you like to join us in the party tonight?
Friends : Sure.
You : Ok. See you at Peter's house tonight at 9 pm.

Example 2

You : Are you coming to the party tonight?
Friend : I'm afraid not.
You : How come?
Friend : I have to study for an exam tomorrow.
You : Well. In that case, I will have to let you go.
Friend : Sorry. Maybe next time.

Example 3

You : Do you want to join the party tonight?
Friend : I wish I could but I have to visit my grandmother.
You : That's alright.

How often do you eat out?

Hear the storyline. Louise is curious about why her friend Shelly eats out very often....





Louise: How often do you eat out, Shelly?

Shelly: Well, very often. I eat out almost five times a week.

Louise: Wow, I really envy you.

Shelly: Don't envy me. It's for business. In fact, I'm sick and tired of restaurant food. Sometimes I just want a home-cooked meal.

It's on me.

Hear the storyline. Ron makes a phone call to the restaurant to reserve a table for him and his friends for dinner....





Mary: Thanks for lunch. It was delicious.

Shelly: It's OK.

Mary: Next time lunch is on me.

Shelly: Don't be silly.

Mary: I'm serious.

Shelly: All right. Next time you'll treat.

Mary: It's a deal!

A drink to you and your future wife.

Hear the storyline. At Doris's wedding banquet, Sam asks when it is Robert's turn to have a wedding ceremony. Robert tells Sam that it'll happen very soon....





Sam: You're going to miss your sister since she's married, aren't you?

Robert: I sure am. She made a lovely bride, didn't she?

Sam: She was beautiful. So when will your turn be?

Robert: Soon! Very soon!

Sam: Well, a drink to you and your future wife!

It tastes stale!

Hear the storyline. The two people in the dialogue below want to fix pork chops for dinner, but they later find out that the meat has gone bad....





Wayne: What are we going to eat for dinner? speaker2.gif (139 bytes)

Lilia: I'm going to fix some pork chops.

Wayne: I'm afraid the meat is rotten. speaker2.gif (139 bytes)

Lilia: That's strange! I just bought it the day before yesterday.

Wayne: Well, I forgot to put it in the refrigerator. speaker2.gif (139 bytes)

Lilia: Good for you! Now what should we eat?

Wayne: Why don't we eat out? speaker2.gif (139 bytes)

Lilia: Again? Weren't you just complaining that it's too expensive to eat out?

Wayne: Not when you're hungry. speaker2.gif (139 bytes)




Monday 7 April 2008

Until Next Time

Until Next Time


We look at ways of saying goodbye. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.



(tải về)

Waiter serves drinks…

SAM: Thankyou.

VICTOR: Well, it has been a great pleasure to meet you Sam, and Lin.

SAM: Yes, we've enjoyed meeting you too Victor.

LIN: Yes, it's been great. What a pity you have to go home.

VICTOR: Well, all good things must come to an end. But I'm sure we'll meet again.

SAM: Yes, I hope so.

LIN: And good luck with your business. I'm sure it will go well.

VICTOR: And I wish you every success too.

SAM: Well, I think we should drink a toast to the end of the conference, and to ourselves. Here's to us.
Cheers

VICTOR: Cheers

LIN: Cheers.

SAM: We should keep in touch.

VICTOR: Yes. Have I given you my card?

SAM: No - thanks very much.
Here's mine.

VICTOR: Do you have a card Lin?

LIN: Yes.

VICTOR: Thankyou. I'll send you an email. And if you're ever in Singapore, you must look me up.

SAM: We certainly will. And you have my number. When you're next in Sydney, give me a call - we'll have a drink.

WAITER: May I take these?
(takes glasses)

VICTOR: Well, I'd better get going or I'll miss my flight.

SAM: (shakes hands) Have a good flight home. Bon voyage.

LIN: Goodbye. Until next time.

VICTOR: Goodbye.
For the final programme in the series we're looking at some of the phrases you may use when you're saying goodbye to someone - either for a short time, or a long time. In our example, Victor is from another country, and he's about to go back home. At a conference, he's met Sam and Lin.
It has been a great pleasure to meet you Sam and Lin.

We've enjoyed meeting you too Victor.

Yes, it's been great. What a pity you have to go home.
There are various phrases you can use to express how enjoyable it was to meet someone. Which one you use depends on how well you got to know them. Practise some of these phrases with Victor.
It's been a great pleasure to meet you.

I have enjoyed meeting you.

I'm so glad to have met you.

Nice to meet you.
The phrase 'nice to meet you' would be used after one short meeting. You can also use this phrase when you are introduced to someone.

What about the replies? Practise them with Lin.
Nice to meet you.
You too.
It's been a pleasure to meet you.
And you.
Glad to have met you.
Glad to have met you too.
Notice that the reply should match the statement. So if someone says: 'I have enjoyed meeting you', the reply can be 'So have I'.

If someone says 'It's been a pleasure to meet you', the reply can be 'A pleasure to meet you too', or just 'And you.' Victor also says 'I'm sure we'll meet again.'

Here are some useful phrases to do with meeting again. Practise them with Victor.
I'm sure we'll meet again.

Hopefully we'll meet again.

I hope we'll meet again soon.
Notice again here - that the reply should match the statement, so if someone says: 'I'm sure we'll meet again.', then the reply also uses 'am' 'So am I'. After the statement 'I hope we'll meet again', the reply should be: 'So do I'.

Another part of saying goodbye can be wishing someone well for the future.
And good luck with your business. I'm sure it will go well.

And I wish you every success too.
Sam proposes a toast. Watch how he does this…
Well, I think we should drink a toast to the end of the conference, and to ourselves. Here's to us. Cheers

Cheers

Cheers.
This is an informal toast. Sam says 'I think we should drink a toast'.

Another phrase he could use is: 'Let's drink to' - for example… 'Let's drink to the end of the conference' or 'Let's drink to our future meeting'. Then they clink their glasses together and say 'Cheers'.

Here's another version of the toast:
Sam: Let's drink to our next meeting.

Victor: Our next meeting!

Lin: Cheers
And of course, the toast doesn't have to be alcohol - it can be any kind of drink.

The next part of their conversation is about keeping in touch - or keeping in contact.
We should keep in touch.

Yes. Have I given you my card?

No - thanks very much. Here's mine.

Do you have a card Lin?

Yes.

Thankyou. I'll send you an email.
Repeat the phrases after Sam…
We must keep in touch.

We must keep in contact.

Here's my card.

Would you like my card?

Do you have a card?
The next part of their conversation is about meeting again. Listen…
And if you're ever in Singapore, you must look me up.

We certainly will. And you have my number. When you're next in Sydney, give me a call - we'll have a drink.
To 'look someone up' just means to arrange a meeting. When Victor says 'You must look me up', he is inviting Sam and Lin to meet him if they are in Singapore. This is more of a social invitation, than a business one. Using the word 'must' is not like an order here - it suggests that Victor will be very happy if Sam sees him in Singapore.

In the same way, Sam says 'Give me a call' to Victor. It sounds like an order, but in fact it's an invitation. It's important to get the intonation - the way you say it - right - so that it sounds like an invitation, and not an order.
You must look me up when you're in Singapore.

And if I don't?

I'll never speak to you again!
Practise these kinds of invitations with Victor.
You must look me up next time you're in town.

You must come and see me.

Why don't you give me a call when you're in town?

Ring me if you're in town.
Finally let's look at how the three friends say goodbye. Remember this is a semi-formal situation.
Well, I'd better get going or I'll miss my flight.

Have a good flight home. Bon voyage.

Goodbye. Until next time.

Goodbye.
There are a few ways of saying goodbye - but the simplest and best is simply 'Goodbye'. Sam says 'Bon voyage' - a French phrase which is also quite common for someone who is travelling.

Now, let's review and practise some of the phrases we've learnt today.
It's been a pleasure to meet you.

I'm sure we'll meet again.

We must keep in touch.

Give me a call when you're in town.

I've enjoyed meeting you.

I wish you every success for the future.

May I give you my card?

Best wishes for the future.

I hope you have a good flight home.
The language you use in each situation may be slightly different depending on how well you know the other people, and how friendly you are with them. If the situation is social, and you have become quite friendly, you may use slightly less formal language. But it's important not to forget the usual expressions of good wishes - such as for a good flight home, and to say how you've enjoyed meeting the other person. But don't go too far.
Well, I'd better get going or I'll miss my flight.

I'm going to miss you Victor.

So am I. What will we do without you?

Be strong.

Will we meet again?

I know we will.

Goodbye.

Goodbye Victor - and bon voyage.

You forgot my card!
Well, I've enjoyed helping you with 'The Business of English', and I hope you've enjoyed learning some useful phrases and expressions in English - and that you'll be able to put them into practice soon.

Goodbye and good luck!

A Formal Speech

A Formal Speech


We look at how to make a formal speech. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.


(tải về)

DENISE: Our keynote speaker is a man who I'm sure is very well known to all of you. He's Professor of Fruitology at Dubbo University and has written many books on the subject of tropical fruit. So without further ado, I'd like to introduce our keynote speaker, Doctor Sam Eriks.

SAM: Thankyou Denise.
The Honourable Judith Bryant, Minister for Trade, Professor Eric Vogel, Professor of Economics at Wagga University, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. Today's topic 'why bananas are bent' is a very significant one in terms both of international trade, and culture. In thinking about the topic, I felt it would be appropriate to address briefly the history of bananas and banana farming, the many qualities of bananas, both positive and negative, and of course examine the uses of the banana.
But first let me tell you a story about a banana.

*********

Ladies and gentlemen, I hope I've been able to clear up a few misconceptions, and leave you with some new ideas about how we might view bananas in the future.
We've seen, in looking at their history, that bananas have a significant role in many cultures. I've also noted their positive nutritional qualities. And in addressing the main question, why bananas are bent - we've learned that the reasons are many and complex.
Madam Chair, thankyou for the opportunity to address the conference today, and thankyou ladies and gentleman for your kind attention.
Making a formal speech to an audience is a scary thing for many people - even more so if it's in a language that is not your first language. What are the things you can do to prepare a formal speech in English? First of all, let's look at the structure of the speech. In a formal situation, like a keynote address, the speaker will be introduced by someone else.
Our keynote speaker is a man who I'm sure is very well known to all of you. He's Professor of Fruitology at Dubbo University and has written many books on the subject of tropical fruit.
When introducing a speaker, research their background and accomplishments - that is, the important things they've done, such as books they may have written, important positions they've filled, and of course their proper title or qualifications, such as Professor.

Here are some useful phrases to use when introducing a speaker. Practise them with Denise:
Our next speaker is well known to all of you.

Our next speaker needs no introduction.

Without further ado, I'd like to introduce…

Please make him welcome, Doctor Sam Eriks.
When giving a formal speech to an audience, we need to be aware of protocol. Protocol means the proper or customary way of doing things in formal situations. Part of the protocol for a formal speech is addressing the audience at the beginning. A keynote speaker needs to know who the important people are at the meeting, and address them using their formal titles, starting with the most important people.
Thankyou Denise.

The Honourable Judith Bryant, Minister for Trade, Professor Eric Vogel, Professor of economics at Wagga University, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen.
If there is a representative of government, such as a minister, they would be acknowledged first - then any other people of particular note.

Include their title,(pause) name (pause) and position.

Then he addresses 'distinguished guests' - this can include anyone who has been invited to attend the event. And finally he says 'ladies and gentlemen', which means everyone else.

What does Doctor Eriks do next?
In thinking about the topic, I felt it would be appropriate to address briefly the history of bananas and banana farming, the many qualities of bananas, both positive and negative, and of course examine the uses of the banana.
He outlines the three main parts of his speech. Listen to him again. What are the three parts of his talk?
I felt it would be appropriate to address briefly the history of bananas and banana farming, the many qualities of bananas, both positive and negative, and of course examine the uses of the banana.
The first one is 'the history of bananas and banana farming', the second one is 'the many qualities of bananas', and the third one is 'the uses of the banana'. In listing things like this in a speech, it's important to use pauses in speech so that the audience can follow and hear the three points.

How does it sound without pauses?
I felt it would be appropriate to address briefly the history of bananas and banana farming, the many qualities of bananas, both positive and negative, and of course examine the uses of the banana.
In making a speech, it's important to use pauses to help make your point. In the list, pause before each point in the list. Pause between sentences, and before making a major point, like this:
The point I want to make is this: not all bananas are bent.
Stress and intonation are important too. In saying 'not all bananas are bent' - Doctor Eriks stresses the word 'all' because it is the most important word in that statement. In listing the three parts of his speech, notice how his intonation is rising in the first two parts, and then falling for the last - this indicates to the audience he has finished the list:

The history of bananas, the many qualities of bananas, and the uses of the banana.

In describing his topic, he said 'I felt it would be appropriate to address…' and then names the parts of his speech. To 'address' something here means to talk about it. You could also use words like 'consider', 'discuss', 'outline', 'cover'.

Pronunciation is important too - it's a good idea to practise your speech out loud - especially any difficult words.
I've also noted their positive nutrishal, nutrishishional, nutritional qualities.
What does Doctor Eriks do next in his speech?
But first let me tell you a story about a banana.
He says he is going to tell a story about a banana. When making a speech, it's good to put in some personal touches - a story of something that happened or a joke.

We move now to the end of Sam's speech. How does he finish?
Ladies and gentlemen, I hope I've been able to clear up a few misconceptions about bananas, and leave you with some new ideas about how we might view bananas in the future.
First, he signals that he is ending his speech, by repeating 'ladies and gentlemen'. Then he says 'I hope I've been able to clear up a few misconceptions'. By using the present perfect 'I have been able' he signals that he is talking about his speech up to now. Practise with Doctor Eriks some ways of signalling the end of a speech:
I hope I've been able to clarify the issue.

I hope I've addressed the major concerns about this issue.
Next he restates the major points he's made.
We've seen, in looking at their history, that bananas have a significant role in many cultures. I've also noted their positive nutritional qualities. And in addressing the main question, why bananas are bent - we've learned that the reasons are many and complex.
Notice the use of the present perfect in re-stating these points.

We've seen;
'I've noted';
'we've learned'.

There are other phrases that could be used in this way:

'We've observed'; 'I've outlined'; 'I've referred to…' and so on.

Finally, how does Doctor Eriks wrap up his speech?
Madam Chair, thankyou for the opportunity to address the conference today, and thankyou ladies and gentleman for your kind attention.
Well, there's a lot more we can say about making formal speeches, but I hope you've learned some useful tips today. Thankyou for your attention, and I'll see you next time for The Business of English.

We Might Have A Deal!

We Might Have A Deal!

We take a further look at negotiating. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.


(tải về)
LIN:….so that's our offer. We think it's a fair one, with advantages for both sides.

VICTOR: Yes, well, we're prepared to consider your offer Ms Chan, if you can accept some conditions.

SUE: And subject to consideration by the board…

JOHN: What are the conditions?

VICTOR: Well, firstly the price you're proposing. Would that be variable depending on currency fluctuations? The issue is that we're in an unstable environment at the moment - the exchange rate could affect us negatively.

JOHN: Us too!

VICTOR: True, but the problem is that we're tied to the U.S. dollar.

LIN: We could consider hedging against currency in both directions.

SUE: That would be acceptable.

VICTOR: Another problem we may have is that of supply. Our customers often need supply at short notice. If we do get large orders, we need to guarantee delivery - so we need to stockpile. The difficulty there is the capital outlay. How would you feel about a partial offset against our sales?

JOHN: You mean a loan.

VICTOR: I suppose so.

SUE: Would you be agreeable to a deferred payment? We can provide security of course.

LIN: I think that would be acceptable. Unfortunately, I would need to get Board approval for it.

SUE: Of course.

VICTOR: Then I think we might have a deal!

LIN: In principle.

JOHN: Time to celebrate!
In negotiations, it's usual for each side to have conditions that make the deal better, or safer for them. A condition is a change in the terms of a deal which is necessary before one side or the other agrees.
Yes, well, we're prepared to consider your offer Ms Chan, if you can accept some conditions.
Notice that Victor uses language carefully.

He doesn't say 'we agree to your offer', he says 'we're prepared to consider your offer'.

He is signalling to the other side that there is a chance for agreement by using the word 'consider', which means 'think about'.

He then makes this conditional by saying 'if you can accept some conditions'. In English, using the word 'if' in this way is called a conditional.
Victor is saying 'We can consider your offer if you can accept some conditions.' One part of the sentence is conditional on, or depending on the other.
The negative is also true. If they can't accept the conditions, Victor can't consider the offer.

Notice that Sue adds: 'subject to consideration by the board'. 'Subject to' is another type of conditional phrase. She means 'We can agree if the board agrees.' 'Subject to' is a legal phrase meaning 'only if', or 'only after'. There are a number of expressions you can use when giving a condition. Try them after me:
...subject to the board's agreement.

...conditional on the board's agreement.

...providing that the board agrees.

...as long as the board agrees.

...on condition that the board agrees.
Let's look now at Victor's first condition.
Firstly the price you're proposing. Would that be variable depending on currency fluctuations? The issue is that we're in an unstable environment at the moment - the exchange rate could affect us negatively.
When Victor is talking about conditions - he is exploring various scenarios - or things that could happen.

Notice that he explains what the problem is... He says 'The issue is that we're in an unstable environment.'

'The issue' means the problem, or the thing that needs discussing.

Practise with Victor some ways of introducing a problem.
The issue is the exchange rate.

The problem is the exchange rate.

The difficulty we have is with the exchange rate.


One thing that could happen is that the exchange rate, the amount of money you can exchange in one currency for another, may change. Notice that Victor uses the words 'would' and 'could'.

'Would' is like a conditional. One thing might result in another thing happening.
The exchange rate might change.

Victor is talking about the price for their product. He asks 'would that be variable depending on currency fluctuations'. 'Fluctuations' are changes. We can express this another way: 'If the currency changes, will the price change?' 'Could' is used to express a possibility - something that might happen.

Victor says 'the exchange rate could affect us negatively'. Notice that you can say something will affect you negatively - it will have a negative, or bad effect, or positively - it will have a positive , or good effect.

What is Lin's response to this first condition, or concern of Victor's?
We could consider hedging against currency in both directions.

That would be acceptable.
Like Victor, Lin is being careful. She uses the word 'consider' rather than just agreeing. She's waiting until the whole deal is clear.

We can give both questions and answers using these 'could' and 'would' phrases. Practise them after Lin and Victor.
Would you consider hedging against currency?

Would you agree to hedging against currency?

We could consider hedging against currency.

We could agree to hedging against currency.
Sue comments: 'That would be acceptable'. 'Acceptable' simply means 'able to be accepted'. They can agree to this solution. Practise with Sue some phrases you can use to agree, and disagree, to conditions.
That would be acceptable.

We can agree to that.

We would be agreeable to that.

That wouldn't be acceptable I'm afraid.

I'm afraid we can't agree to that.

We wouldn't be agreeable to that.
Notice that to 'agree with' someone, is to think they are right. To 'agree to' something, is to accept a proposal.

What is Victor's second condition? Let's see.
If we do get large orders, we need to guarantee delivery - so we need to stockpile. The difficulty there is the capital outlay. How would you feel about a partial offset against our sales?
You might use the phrase 'how would you feel about' something if you think it may be a difficult condition for the other side to accept. Sue puts this proposal a different way.
Would you be agreeable to a deferred payment? We can provide security of course.

I think that would be acceptable. Unfortunately, I would need to get Board approval for it.
Sue uses the phrase 'would you be agreeable'. 'Would you be agreeable to a deferred payment.' A deferred payment is when you pay later for something you buy. Lin thinks this condition is acceptable, but she makes it conditional on Board approval by saying 'I would need to get Board approval.' Notice the stress on 'would'. Practise some phrases you can use for this type of condition.
That would have to have Board approval.

The Board would need to approve that.

That would be subject to Board approval.
Sometimes conditions depend on other conditions. One side might say, 'we agree to your condition if...'

So it's very important when negotiating to listen for words that signal a condition: words like 'if', 'could','would', 'provided' or 'providing', 'as long as' and 'subject to'.

And words that might signal a problem, such as 'problem', 'unfortunately', and 'however'.

Notice that even at the end, they are being careful about what they say.
Then I think we might have a deal!

In principle.
Lin agrees 'in principle'. This means they have agreed on terms among themselves, but as she needs Board approval, she can't authorise the agreement right now.

And right now we've reached the end of today's program. See you next time on the Business of English.

Negotiating part 1

Negotiating part 1


We look at negotiating. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.



(tải về)
LIN: Hello, Lin Chan, Sales Manager for National Sugar - and my associate John Martin.

VICTOR: Very pleased to meet you. I'm Victor Tang, and this is my legal adviser Sue Panay.

JOHN: I hope you had a pleasant flight over.

SUE: Yes, we did thanks.

JOHN: Are you staying for a few days?

VICTOR: Unfortunately we need to get back to Manila tomorrow.

LIN: Well, we'd better get down to business. Mr Tang, to start off with, I just want to say we believe we can offer you a very good deal and come up with a win-win result.

VICTOR: Well, from our point of view, we see it as an exploratory talk - testing the water you might say.

SUE: We don't intend to reach any agreements at this meeting - in any case we would need to run it past our board first.

JOHN: You haven't heard our terms yet - you may find them hard to resist!
(Victor and Sue exchange a raised eyebrow)

LIN: Of course we understand you need time to consider any offer. My first priority is to keep the negotiations open.

VICTOR: What's your proposal Ms Chan?

LIN: We're prepared to offer a very attractive price for a minimum sale, in exchange for a two-year contract. John will clarify the terms.
A negotiation is a discussion that should result in an agreement or business contract. The discussion is usually between two parties - or organisations - trying to reach an agreement satisfactory to both.

In a negotiation, we need to reach a position that it is not too difficult for either side to accept, so the language we use is important - and it's also important to listen carefully.

When starting a negotiation, begin with a greeting, and what we call 'small-talk' - something to 'break the ice', or make the meeting a friendly one.
Hello, Lin Chan, Sales Manager for National Sugar - and my associate John Martin.

Very pleased to meet you. I'm Victor Tang, and this is my legal adviser Sue Panay.

I hope you had a pleasant flight over.

Yes, we did thanks.

Are you staying for a few days?

Unfortunately we need to get back to Manila tomorrow.
Lin starts by introducing herself and her associate. It's important that everyone at the meeting knows their roles, so Victor also introduces Sue by telling them her job.

Before they start the negotiations, John asks about their journey. He says 'I hope you had a pleasant flight', and asks how long they are staying. This way, the negotiation starts in a relaxed and friendly atmosphere.

Here are a few phrases you could use to put the other party at ease.
I hope you had a pleasant flight.

Are you enjoying Sydney?

How is your hotel?
In some cultures, it is usual not to talk about business straight away, but in others, it is expected that you will get down to business quickly. You just have to judge the situation, and feel your own way.

How does Lin signal that it is time to start the negotiation?
Well, we'd better get down to business.
Lin says 'we'd better get down to business'. Notice that she makes it a suggestion. She is suggesting they should talk business.

Practise some phrases for suggesting it's time to talk business.
Well, we'd better get down to business.

Shall we get down to business?

Well, how about we get down to business?
The next thing Lin does is make an opening statement. An opening statement should tell the other person what you are expecting to get out of the meeting. The opening statement would normally be made by the person who requested the meeting.
Mr Tang, to start off with, I just want to say we believe we can offer you a very good deal and come up with a win-win result.
Lin says 'to start off with', and then she states what she wants to achieve. She says she is going to offer 'a very good deal', and that she wants to achieve a 'win-win' result. She is signalling to the other party that she wants both of them to be happy with the outcome. Practise, with Lin, some phrases to introduce an opening statement.
Let me start off by saying...

I'd like to begin by saying...

Let me kick things off by saying...
To 'kick things off' is to start a discussion. How do Victor and Sue respond?
Well, from our point of view, we see it as an exploratory talk - testing the water you might say.

Sue: We don't intend to reach any agreements at this meeting - in any case we would need to run it past our board first.
Victor says 'from our point of view', and Lin says 'we don't intend'. They use the words 'our' and 'we', instead of 'my' and 'I' because they are talking as representatives of the company, not as individuals. If Victor was on his own, he might use 'I' and 'my' - especially as the C.E.O. of the company. Here are some other phrases Victor could use to state their point of view:
'From our perspective...'
'Our position is that...'
'As far as we're concerned...'

Victor says they see it as an 'exploratory talk'. He means they are 'exploring options', or finding out what Lin has to offer. He is suggesting by this that they aren't going to make a decision at this meeting - and he is letting Lin know this. He describes this in another way by saying they are 'testing the water'.

Notice too that Sue reinforces this. She says 'we don't intend to reach any agreements at this meeting.' She is stating clearly the outcome that they are expecting from the meeting. She says they would have to 'run past the board' any proposals made. A proposal is a formal offer or suggestion made by one business to another, and to 'run something past the board' means to get the board's approval or feedback. In a negotiation, each party needs to respond to what the other says for the negotiation to proceed.

How does Lin respond to Victor and Sue's statement.
Of course we understand you need time to consider any offer. My first priority is to keep the negotiations open.
She says she understands they are not going to agree at this meeting. She says 'My first priority is to keep the negotiations open.' A priority is an important goal. A first priority is your most important goal.

Notice the reaction when John speaks.
We don't intend to reach any agreements at this meeting - in any case we would need to run it past our board first.

You haven't heard our terms yet - you may find them hard to resist! (Victor and Sue exchange a raised eyebrow)
John hasn't listened to what Victor and Sue have said, and they don't like it. But Lin makes a conciliatory statement. That is, she makes a concession. She backs down from her first position. When negotiating, you usually need to make some concessions to reach an agreement. If nobody makes a concession, the negotiation can't proceed...like this...
I just want to say we believe we can offer you a very good deal and come up with a win-win result.

Well, from our point of view, we see it as an exploratory talk - testing the water you might say.

I'm sure we'll be able to resolve everything today.

We need to run anything past our board first.

Why bother the board? We can settle this deal right now!

I'm afraid that won't be possible.
(silence around the table)
If we don't listen carefully to what the other party is signalling, negotiations can break down very quickly. Now that each side has made their position clear, they can talk about the details of the proposal.
What's your proposal Ms Chan?

We're prepared to offer a very attractive price for a minimum sale, in exchange for a two-year contract. John will clarify the terms.
Let's review the main points from today. In negotiations, begin with introductions and then some informal talk. Then each side makes an opening statement -this should state clearly what they want to achieve.

Then, whichever party called the meeting begins the negotiation by giving an opening proposal.

And remember - it's important to listen to signals and the opening statements carefully, otherwise the negotiation can quickly go in the wrong direction.

That's all for The Business of English for today. See you next time.

Can I Help You?

Can I Help You?


We look at how to make business calls. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.


(tải về)
TAMMY: Wilson & Wilson, can I help you?

LIN: Yes, this is Lin Chan from Acme Appliances. I'd like to speak to Mr Wilson if he's available please?

TAMMY: Would that be Mr Wilson Senior or Mr Wilson Junior?

LIN: Mr Wilson senior.

TAMMY: I'll just see if he's available - hold the line please.
It's a Lin Chan from Acme.

I'm sorry, Mr Wilson's in a meeting at the moment. May I take a message?
LIN: Yes, could you ask him to phone me please. My number's 23115654.

TAMMY: I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name.

LIN: Lin Chan, Acme Appliances.

TAMMY: Let me check the number, 23115654.

LIN: That's right.

TAMMY: I'll pass that message on. Thankyou.

LIN: Thanks. Bye.

*************

LIN: Acme Appliances, Lin Chan speaking.

WILSON: This is Tom Wilson returning your call.

LIN: Ah yes, Mr Wilson. Thanks for calling back. I wanted to set up a meeting with you to discuss your requirements for next year.

WILSON: Yes certainly. How about Thursday about two-thirty.

LIN: That would be fine.

WILSON: Okay, I look forward to seeing you then.

LIN: Thursday, 2.30. See you then.
Goodbye.

WILSON: Goodbye
When we use the phone we can't see the other person, so we have to listen carefully and speak clearly. Often we deal with a switchboard operator or personal assistant, but the language we use on the phone follows conventions.
Wilson & Wilson, can I help you?

Yes, this is Lin Chan from Acme Appliances. I'd like to speak to Mr Wilson if he's available please?
When answering the phone, a switchboard operator will usually say the name of the company, then 'can I help you?' or 'How can I help you?'

Or they may not say anything after the name of the company. In any case, the caller normally says their name, by saying 'this is' and their name, then the name of their company after the words 'from' or 'of', and then who they would like to speak to.

Don't wait to be asked, but offer the information. On the phone, unless you know the other party personally, always use polite, formal language.
Wilson & Wilson. What do you want?

Lin Chan here. Put me through to Wilson.

He doesn't want to speak to you.
Mr Wilson might not want to speak to Lin - but it's not polite to say this. Notice that Lin says she wants to speak to Mr Wilson 'if he's available'.

Often it's not convenient to speak to someone straight away. 'If he's available' really means, 'If he wants to speak to me at the moment.' Here's some useful phrases for asking for someone on the phone:
Is Mr Wilson available please?

Could I speak to Mr Wilson if he's available?

Could you put me through to Mr Wilson?'

I'd like to speak to Mr Wilson if possible please.
So we can say:
'I'd like to speak to Mr Wilson'
Or 'Could I speak to Mr Wilson?'
< And
'If he's available', or
'If possible'

And you always add 'please'.

And another phrase is:
'Could you put me through please?'

The receptionist says:
'I'll just see if he's available', then 'hold the line please'.

But Mr Wilson isn't available, so this is what she says:
I'm sorry, Mr Wilson's in a meeting at the moment.
'In a meeting' is code for it's not convenient for him to talk at the moment'. He may be in a meeting, but he could also be out, or doing something else. Here's some phrases to practise, that can be used for this situation.
I'm sorry, he's in a meeting at the moment.

I'm sorry, he's not available at present.

I'm sorry, he's out of the office at the moment.
And here's one not to use.
I'm sorry, he's busy.

Too busy to talk to me obviously.
To say someone can't talk because they're busy, suggests that your call is not important. But the receptionist knows what to say, and to ask if there's a message.
May I take a message?

Yes, could you ask him to phone me please. My number's 23115654.
It's best to keep messages simple and to the point.

Here are a few simple phrases to use when leaving a message. Practise them with Lin.
Could you ask him to phone me please.

Could you get him to return my call please.

If he could call me back, that would be great.
Of course the important detail here is the actual phone number. It's important to pronounce each number carefully.
Two three, double one, five six five four.

In America they would probably say:
Two three one one, five six five four. Try saying these numbers:
04146831
oh four one four, six eight three one

9882 6776
nine double eight two, six double seven six
or
nine eight eight two, six seven seven six.
And the receptionist must also make sure she has all the details correct.

Here are some phrases you can use to check details.
I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name.

Could you just repeat the number please?

Could I have your number again please?

Would you mind repeating that?
When Tom Wilson returns her call, Lin answers like this...
Ah yes, Mr Wilson. Thanks for calling back. I wanted to set up a meeting with you to discuss your requirements for next year.

Yes certainly. How about Thursday at two-thirty.

That would be fine.

Okay, I look forward to seeing you then.

Thursday, 2.30. See you then.

Goodbye.

Goodbye.
First Lin thanks him for calling back. She says 'Thanks for calling back'. She could also say, 'Thankyou for returning my call.' Then she states the purpose of her call, and they make the arrangements for the meeting. Because she wants the meeting, Lin lets Wilson suggest a time. This is polite, because he is the customer in this situation. Then he says 'I look forward to seeing you then.'

Again, this is a polite way of ending a conversation - as well as being a signal that there is no more to say.

Notice too, that Lin repeats the day and time of the meeting so that both people are sure about it.

Let's now just review the key phrases for phone calls when calling someone, and making an arrangement.

Repeat them with the receptionist and Lin.
Wilson & Wilson, can I help you?

I'll just see if he's available.

Would you mind holding the line?

Would you like to leave a message?

Sorry, I didn't quite catch your name.

I'd like to speak to Mr Wilson

Could you put me through to Mr Wilson?

This is Lin Chan returning your call.

Thanks for returning my call.

I look forward to seeing you then.
The key points when using the phone are to speak clearly and give essential information. Don't speak too fast, and check that the other person has understood. If not, you may need to rephrase. Use polite, formal language - these conventional phrases are signals for the other person. We need to respond in the right way, or the conversation could be quite short.
Acme Applicances, Lin Chan speaking.

This is Tom Wilson returning your call.

Ah yes, Mr Wilson. Thankyou for calling me back.

That's alright. Goodbye.
And it's goodbye from The Business of English for today. See you next time.

Wrapping it up

Wrapping it up

Today we’re looking at how to end a presentation, and how to deal with questions. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.

Wrapping it up


(tải về)
Từ vựng:
brief (adj)
1. (tt) ngắn,vắn tắt, gọn
short
They wrote me a brief letter.

expertise (n)
1. (dt) sự tình thông, thành thạo
an expert knowledge or skill

BARBARA: So, I'd like to end with a summary of what I've looked at today, and some recommendations.
The figures show that sales are strongly seasonal, and that customers depend on good information on the showroom floor. So I'd like to recommend we concentrate on discounting in the off-seasons, and spend more time on briefing our sales representatives.
That's all I have for now. Are there any questions?

DENISE: You mentioned that the sales figures may also reflect economic trends. Can you expand on that?

BARBARA: Well, we are always going to depend on the economy. As I understand it, we can look forward to an improvement this year. Does that answer your question?

TAN: Are you saying we're in for a period of growth?

BARBARA: Well, I'm afraid that's a bit outside my area of expertise, but that's what the papers are suggesting.

JOHN: If you believe it.

DENISE:
You suggested that we might be spending too much on advertising. Can you clarify that?

BARBARA: It's hard to quantify without better data.

TAN: Sorry. Could you repeat that?

BARBARA: We don't have the figures to really know how effective our advertising is.

DENISE: In my experience you can't do without advertising.

BARBARA: Time for one last question.

JOHN: I have one.

BARBARA: Yes John?

JOHN: Is it time for coffee?

BARBARA: Okay, we'll wrap up now. Thankyou for your input everyone.

DENISE: Thankyou.

Today we're looking at how to end a presentation, and how to deal with questions. Let's look first at how Barbara concludes, or finishes her presentation.
I'd like to end with a summary of what I've looked at today, and some recommendations.
Barbara says she'd like to end with a summary, and some recommendations.

When ending a presentation or a talk, you may do this with a summary - this is a short statement of your main points - with a conclusion, which is a result of all the information you've presented, or recommendations, which are things you think should be done. In all cases, they should be clear and concise, or not too long.

Practise with Barbara some phrases you can use to introduce your final points.
I'd like to end with some recommendations

I'll finish with a summary...

What can we conclude from all this?
Listen to the difference between the summary and the recommendations.
The figures show that sales are strongly seasonal, and that customers depend on good information on the showroom floor. So I'd like to recommend we concentrate on discounting in the off-seasons, and spend more time on briefing our sales representatives.
Her summary consists of the main points from her talk about sales figures. There are two points. Her recommendations are what she thinks the company should do in the future, and there are two of these as well. Here are some phrases you can use to introduce a summary and recommendations.
In summary...

To summarise...

I'd like to recommend that...

My recommendations are...
Let's look at how Barbara finishes her talk, and asks for questions.
That's all I have for now. Are there any questions?
Here's Barbara with some useful phrases for you to practise if asking for questions.
Are there any questions?

I'll answer any questions now.

Does anyone have any questions?
At the end of a talk, you may ask for questions, or for comments, or for a general discussion. You need to let your audience know what you want them to do...

like this: Are there any comments?

I'd like to open it up for discussion.

Let's look at how Denise asks a question.
You mentioned that the sales figures may also reflect economic trends. Can you expand on that?
Denise does two things - first she re-states something Barbara said, then she asks her to 'expand' on it, or say more about it. It's a good idea when asking a question to state what you think the speaker said - so everyone knows what the question is about...
You might say
You mentioned that...
You suggested that...
You stated that...

In the question you can ask the speaker to respond in different ways. Denise asks her to expand, but she could also clarify (or make clearer), or explain further. Practise some phrases you can use for this:
Can you expand on that?

Can you clarify that?

Could you explain that a bit further?
Listen to how Barbara answers Denise's question.
Well, we are always going to depend on the economy. As I understand it, we can look forward to an improvement this year. Does that answer your question?
In her answer Barbara uses the phrase 'As I understand it'. By using this phrase she is signalling that this is not really her area of expertise. She is getting her information from somewhere else. You could also use phrases like:
'As far as I know'
or
'My information is that…'

Notice that she also checks whether Denise is satisfied with her answer by saying:
'Does that answer your question?'

If she wanted to, Denise could ask a further question, but Tan does it for her.
Are you saying we're in for a period of growth?

Well, I'm afraid that's a bit outside my area of expertise, but that's what the papers are suggesting.
Tan is asking for clarification. He wants Barbara to say more about her point. He does this by checking that he has understood her.

Practise with Tan some phrases you can use to ask for clarification.
Are you saying..?

So you're saying that...

So, are you suggesting that..?

If I follow you, you're suggesting that...
Let's look at some more questions now.
You suggested that we might be spending too much on advertising. Can you clarify that?

It's hard to quantify without better data.

Sorry. Could you repeat that?

We don't have the figures to really know how effective our advertising is.
Notice that, as before, Denise restates what she thinks Barbara said, by saying 'You suggested that…' then asks her to clarify, by saying 'Can you clarify that? And Tan asks her to repeat something simply by asking 'Could you repeat that?' Notice too that when Barbara answers Tan, she uses different words. If someone asks you to repeat, or clarify, it's better to rephrase, than simply say the same thing again. Notice how Denise puts in her own comment.
In my experience you can't do without advertising.
This is Denise's comment, or opinion, not a question. She shows this by starting 'in my experience'. She could also have said 'in my opinion', or 'As I understand it,...'.

Let's see now how Barbara finishes her presentation.
Time for one last question.

I have one.

Yes John?

Is it time for coffee?

Okay, we'll wrap up now. Thankyou for your input everyone.

Thankyou.
The person giving the talk is in control, so she needs to signal that she is finished. She does this by saying 'Time for one last question.'

Practise some phrases you could use to end a presentation.
Time for one last question...

Are there any more questions?

I think we'll wrap it up now.
So remember - after a talk, give a summary and perhaps some recommendations or conclusions. Ask for questions or comments. When asking questions, state what you understood from the speaker first, and then say what you want them to do - clarify, or explain, or expand. Well, that about wraps us up for today. Thanks for listening, and I'll see you next time on The Business of English.

A Customer Survey

A Customer Survey


We look again at presentations. You can watch the video or just listen to the audio.

(tải về)


Từ vựng:
...........
TAN: Today I’m going to look at the results of our customer survey. First I’ll go through the survey questions, then summarise the results, and finally I’ll outline the conclusions. After that, there’ll be time for questions and discussion. So, let’s start with the survey questions...

Turning to the results, as you can see from the diagram, most people decided what to buy when they saw the product at the showroom. About one third made their decision based on what the salesperson said. The others knew what they wanted to buy already. Most of those made their decision on the recommendation of a friend. Only a few said they relied on advertising...

Let’s move on to the conclusions.The first one is that it’s very important that salespeople on the floor know about our products. Another is that after-sales service is critical. People who experience good after-sales service are more likely to recommend a brand.And finally, advertising – it’s expensive, so we need to make sure we’re getting results.

In today's program, we look again at a presentation. Tan is presenting the results of a survey. Let's see how he does it. How does Tan start his presentation?
Today I'm going to look at the results of our customer survey.
When giving a presentation it's important to state clearly what you are going to talk about at the beginning. What is your topic?

For this, Tan uses the future tense 'I'm going to…'. He could also have said 'I will…'

And instead of 'look at' he could have used other words:

examine,
analyse,
review,
discuss
.

After introducing the topic, what does Tan do next?
First I'll go through the survey questions, then summarise the results, and finally I'll outline the conclusions.

After that, there'll be time for questions and discussion.

Tan outlines the structure of his presentation. There were three parts. Notice how he signals this by using sequencing words:first, then, and finally.

The structure of his talk is:
Introduction, then part 1, survey questions; part 2, survey results; part 3 survey conclusions.

There's one more sequencing signal in his introduction. Did you hear it?
After that, there'll be time for questions and discussion.
Even though Tan said 'finally' he would talk about conclusions, he has something 'after that'. This is because the questions are not part of his presentation. He's telling his audience that after he's talked about conclusions, it will be time to ask questions.

So sequencing words are very useful - they tell your audience how many parts are in your talk - and they can signal when you are moving from one topic to the next one. Sequencing words are words like firstly, secondly, thirdly, then, next, finally, after that, following that, and later on. Another type of signal can be used to show you are moving from one part of your talk to another.

Here are three that Tan uses - practise them with him.
So, let's start with the questions...

Turning to the results...

Let's move on to the conclusions.
When we speak in English, pauses and intonation are as important as the words we use - because they help people understand. Listen.
Let's move on to the conclusions. The first one is that it's very important that salespeople on the floor know about our products. Another is that after-sales service is critical.
Without pauses or intonation, it's much harder to understand - and it sounds boring. Let's add pauses.
Let's move on to the conclusions. (pause) The first one (mini-pause) is that it's very important (mini-pause) that salespeople on the floor (mini-pause) know about our products. (pause) Another(mini-pause) is that after-sales service is critical.
Pauses should come between sentences - here. But you'll notice small pauses in the middle of sentences - after phrases. These help the listener to follow what is being said.

Now we add intonation and stress.
Let's move on to the conclusions. The first one is that it's very important that salespeople on the floor know about our products. Another is that after-sales service is critical.
Intonation is the way we pronounce sentences. Note the downward intonation at the end of sentences - 'Let's move on to the conclusions'; 'about our products'; 'After sales service is critical.'

Stress occurs in words, and sentences. In words - one syllable is stressed. The wrong stress makes it hard to understand. So:
Conclusion, not conclusion
Products, not products.

Even more important in speaking, is to stress the important words in a sentence. This helps the meaning of what you are saying - it gives emphasis.

So Tan says Let's move on to the conclusions, stressing 'conclusions' because it's the key word in this sentence. The other words stressed are the key words for understanding.

Let's listen to Tan once more, noting the pauses, intonation, word and sentence stress.
Let's move on to the conclusions. The first one is that it's very important that salespeople on the floor know about our products. Another is that after-sales service is critical.
Let's look at the diagram, and how we can describe numbers, or statistics.

First, Tan says 'most people decided what to buy at the showroom'.

Because more people decided at the showroom than at home, we can say 'most', 'the majority', or 'over half'.

To describe people deciding at home, which is less than fifty percent, we could say 'a minority' or 'less than half'.

Looking at the reasons for decisions, we are comparing four groups of people. We can use descriptive words such as 'many', 'some', ' a few'.
And we can say 'the greatest number' or 'the highest percentage'.

The greatest number of people went by the salesperson's recommendation.

We could say 'only a few' relied on advertising.

And we can use words like approximately, about, nearly, over and under.

Approximately one third
About a quarter
Over a quarter
Under a third.

Finally, let's look at Tan's conclusions.
The first one is that it's important that salespeople on the floor know about our products. Another is that after-sales service is critical. People who experience good after-sales service are more likely to recommend a brand. And finally, advertising - it's expensive, so we need to make sure we're